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Market Map Data Dictionary

What each of the 87 data points on the Linton Global Market Map measures, where it comes from, how often it updates and which geographies it covers.

Open the Market Map →Methodology and models

Price & Affordability

Home Value Growth (5-Year)
Change in the FHFA house price index over the latest five years of annual data.
Source: FHFA House Price Index (all-transactions) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Home Value Change Since 2022
Change in the FHFA annual house price index from 2022 to the latest year. Annual data, so it compares year averages, not a monthly peak.
Source: FHFA House Price Index (all-transactions) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Home Value Drop, 2007–12 Crash
How far the FHFA annual index fell from its 2005–08 high to its 2008–12 low. A history of how hard the last downturn hit this area.
Source: FHFA House Price Index (all-transactions) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Property Tax Rate (Effective)
Median real-estate taxes paid divided by median home value (owner-reported). An approximation; actual millage varies by parcel.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Rent as % of Income
Median gross rent as a percentage of household income for renter households.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Typical Mortgage Payment
Estimated monthly principal, interest and property tax on the median mortgaged purchase price, using the area’s average purchase loan-to-value and rate (HMDA) and effective tax rate (ACS). Insurance and HOA dues are not included.
Source: Linton Global calculation (HMDA + Census ACS) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Income Needed to Buy
Annual income at which the typical mortgage payment (principal, interest and property tax) equals 28% of gross income. Insurance and HOA dues are not included, so the real figure is higher.
Source: Linton Global calculation (HMDA + Census ACS) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Median Home Value (Owner-Reported)
Owner-estimated median home value from the ACS survey.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2020–2024 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: State, metro, county and ZIP
Price-to-Income Ratio
Median home value divided by median household income. Higher means less affordable.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2020–2024 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: State, metro, county and ZIP
Fair Market Rent (2BR)
HUD Fair Market Rent for a 2-bedroom (rent plus utilities), set at the 40th percentile of local rents. Used for housing vouchers; a conservative underwriting rent.
Source: U.S. HUD Small Area Fair Market Rents, FY2027 · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: ZIP
Renter Share
Share of occupied homes that are renter-occupied.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 2020–2024 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: ZIP

Mortgage Activity

Median Purchase Price (Mortgaged)
Median property value on first-lien home-purchase mortgages for the year: what homes actually sold for when bought with a mortgage (cash sales not included). Lenders report values in $10,000 bands, so this is approximate. ZIP values are estimated from census tracts.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Median Buyer Income
Median income of people who took out a home-purchase mortgage that year. Compare with median household income to see who is able to buy here.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Median Purchase Loan
Median loan amount on first-lien home-purchase mortgages.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Average Purchase Loan-to-Value
Average loan-to-value on first-lien purchase mortgages. Higher means smaller down payments and thinner equity cushions.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Purchase Loans Above 43% DTI
Share of purchase mortgages with a debt-to-income ratio above 43%, among loans that report DTI. A rough gauge of how stretched buyers are.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Average Purchase Mortgage Rate
Average interest rate on first-lien purchase mortgages originated that year (not today’s rate).
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Purchase Loan Denial Rate
Denied applications as a share of home-purchase applications that reached a decision (originated, approved but not taken, or denied).
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Government-Backed Loan Share
FHA, VA and USDA loans as a share of purchase mortgages. Higher shares usually mean more first-time and lower-down-payment buyers.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
FHA Loan Share
FHA loans as a share of purchase mortgages.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
VA Loan Share
VA loans as a share of purchase mortgages. Higher near military installations.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
USDA Loan Share
USDA rural-development loans as a share of purchase mortgages. Only eligible rural and small-town areas qualify, so this is near zero in cities.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Conventional Loan Share
Conventional (non-government) loans as a share of purchase mortgages.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Investor Mortgage Share
Share of home-purchase mortgages taken out for an investment property (Florida). Mortgaged purchases only: cash buyers are not included, so this understates investor activity. ZIP values are estimated from census tracts; ZIPs with fewer than 30 loans are left blank.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Second-Home Mortgage Share
Share of home-purchase mortgages taken out for a second home (Florida). High values mark vacation and seasonal markets. ZIP values are estimated from census tracts.
Source: CFPB/FFIEC mortgage records (HMDA) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP

Socioeconomic

Poverty Rate
Share of residents below the federal poverty level.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
College Degree Rate
Share of adults 25+ with a bachelor’s degree or higher.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Work From Home %
Share of workers who usually worked from home.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Homeownership Rate
Owner-occupied share of occupied homes.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Homes With a Mortgage
Share of owner-occupied homes carrying a mortgage. Low values often mean many owners bought with cash or own outright.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Family Households
Share of households that are families.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
One-Person Households
Share of households with one person living alone.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Population Density (per sq mi)
Residents per square mile of land.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau (ACS population, Gazetteer land area) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Average Temperature (°F)
Average annual temperature, 1991–2020 (30-year normal).
Source: NOAA NCEI Climate at a Glance · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County

Population & Age

Median Age
Median age of residents.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Population Under 18
Share of residents under 18.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Population Age 25–44
Share of residents age 25–44, the prime first-time-buyer and renter ages.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Population 65+
Share of residents 65 and older.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Population 75+
Share of residents 75 and older.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Ratio: Age 25–44 to 65+
Residents age 25–44 for every resident 65+. Below 1 means older residents outnumber the main home-buying age group.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Ratio: Under 18 to 65+
Residents under 18 for every resident 65+.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Homeownership, Age 25–44
Share of householders age 25–44 who own their home.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Homeownership, Age 65+
Share of householders 65+ who own their home.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Renters 25–44 per Owner 65+
Renter households age 25–44 for every owner household 65+: a rough gauge of future buyers relative to likely future sellers.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Births (Annual)
Births in the latest estimate year.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Deaths (Annual)
Deaths in the latest estimate year.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Natural Population Change
Births minus deaths in the latest estimate year. Negative means growth depends entirely on people moving in.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Birth-to-Death Ratio
Births per death in the latest estimate year.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County

Housing Stock

Vacancy Rate
Vacant homes as a share of all housing units, including seasonal homes.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Seasonal / Second-Home Units
Units held for seasonal, recreational or occasional use, as a share of all housing units. High in vacation markets, where prices can swing more in downturns.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Housing Units
Total housing units.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Housing Unit Growth (5-Year)
Change in housing units versus the 5-year estimate five years earlier.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-year · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Permits as % of Housing Stock (YTD)
Units permitted year to date as a share of existing housing units: how much the area is building relative to its size.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau (Building Permits + ACS) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County

Economy

Unemployment Rate
Unemployment rate (county level).
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Income Growth
Growth in per-capita personal income (county level).
Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County

Commercial Real Estate

These layers are free with an email unlock on the map. Commercial parcel and sales layers come from LGData, our Florida tax-roll database; jobs, permits and bank data are public federal sources.

Commercial & Industrial ParcelsFree unlock
Number of commercial (office, retail, hotel, service) and industrial parcels on the county tax roll. Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Commercial Building AreaFree unlock
Total building square feet on commercial and industrial parcels, in millions, as reported on the tax roll. Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Median Commercial Year BuiltFree unlock
Median year built of commercial and industrial buildings. Older stock often means redevelopment and value-add opportunity. Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Median Commercial Sale Price per SFFree unlock
Median price per building square foot on arm’s-length, single-parcel commercial and industrial sales on the current roll (hotels excluded). Shown only where at least 5 sales occurred. Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Commercial Sales (Arm’s Length)Free unlock
Count of arm’s-length, single-parcel commercial and industrial sales on the current tax roll (state qualification codes 01–02; hotels excluded). Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
LLC / Company-Owned ShareFree unlock
Share of commercial and industrial parcels owned by an LLC, corporation, partnership or trust rather than an individual. Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Out-of-State Owner ShareFree unlock
Share of commercial and industrial parcels whose owner is based outside Florida (owner domicile or mailing state). Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Industrial Share of Commercial ParcelsFree unlock
Industrial parcels (warehouse, manufacturing, distribution) as a share of all commercial and industrial parcels. Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Distressed Commercial TransfersFree unlock
Distressed transactions involving commercial and industrial parcels on the current roll: transfers the state flags as lender/deed-in-lieu, bankruptcy/receiver, or forced/pre-foreclosure. A multi-parcel deed counts once. Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Bank-Owned Non-Branch ParcelsFree unlock
Parcels owned by an FDIC-insured bank whose use is not a bank branch: likely REO/OREO or bank operations property. Covers the 36 Florida counties loaded in LGData so far; other counties show no data.
Source: FL Dept. of Revenue tax roll + Sunbiz, via LGData (Linton Global calculation) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County and ZIP
Building Permits (Units, YTD)Free unlock
Residential units authorized by building permits, year to date.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Permit Growth (YoY)Free unlock
Permitted units year to date versus the same period last year.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Permits per 1,000 ResidentsFree unlock
Year-to-date permitted units per 1,000 residents: a measure of new supply.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey + ACS · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Total EmploymentFree unlock
Average covered employment, latest full year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, QCEW · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Job GrowthFree unlock
Over-the-year change in average covered employment.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, QCEW · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Average Annual PayFree unlock
Average annual pay of covered employees.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, QCEW · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Bank-Owned Real Estate (OREO)Free unlock
Other real estate owned held by active Florida-headquartered banks, grouped by the county where each bank is headquartered. The property itself can be anywhere.
Source: FDIC BankFind Suite (call reports) · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County
Banks HeadquarteredFree unlock
Active FDIC-insured banks headquartered in the county.
Source: FDIC BankFind Suite · Updates: As the source publishes (most are annual) · Covers: County

Linton Global Models

Our own models, built from the public data above. The formulas are on the methodology page.

Linton Global Market ScoreLG modelFree unlock
Linton Global model, 0–100: the average percentile rank among peers on population growth, household income, listing-price growth, inventory change (falling is better), days on market (shorter is better) and the Value Gap (lower is better). Peers = all areas at the same level in the same state (all states, or all metros, at those levels).
Source: Linton Global Market Score (Realtor.com + Census inputs) · Updates: Monthly (recalculated with its inputs) · Covers: State, metro, county and ZIP
Linton Global Value GapLG modelFree unlock
Linton Global model: how far the local listing-price-to-income ratio sits above (+) or below (−) the median of its peers (same level, same state). Positive = priced high relative to local incomes. Not a forecast or an appraisal.
Source: Linton Global Value Gap (Realtor.com + Census inputs) · Updates: Monthly (recalculated with its inputs) · Covers: State, metro, county and ZIP

Methodology · Florida county data · Florida metro data · LGData

Equal Housing Opportunity